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Sowing

The seeds of custard apple should be dried before sowing to promote germination. Soak seeds with 200ppm gibberellin for 24-36 hours before sowing to promote early germination. The seedbed is preferably fertile sandy loam, and rotted organic fertilizer is applied and shaken well. The furrows shall be repaired and the furrow width shall be subject to the convenience of field operations. Drilling and broadcasting can be used, and the seeding rate is 7-8 kg per mu. After sowing, cover it with fine sand or fine soil, drench it with water after a little compaction, and then cover with grass or plastic agricultural film to keep it moist. After emergence, remove the cover grass or plastic film to avoid bending the seedlings. In the seedling stage, attention should be paid to the management of water and fertilizer, generally watering once every 3-4 days, and once a day during drought. Topdressing can be started after 6-8 leaves to facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings.

soil

The custard apple tree is very adaptable to all kinds of soils. It can grow on sandy to clay loamy soils. But to get high yield and stable yield, sandy soil or sandy loam soil is better. Because the soil is sticky, poor drainage can affect flowering and fruit set. The loose sandy loam has no such disadvantages, and it is easy to control the growth through fertilization and irrigation. If the soil layer is shallow, it can be cultivated to thicken the soil layer, improve drainage, or cover it to promote the development of absorbing roots in the topsoil layer.

illumination

The custard apple is light-tolerant and shade-tolerant, with sufficient light, the plants grow robustly and the leaves are hypertrophic. Increasing light during fruit development can improve fruit quality.

temperature

Custards require a warm climate and proper precipitation, and are not resistant to frost and cold weather. The optimum growth temperature of custard apple is 25-32°C on average, the average minimum is 15-25°C, and the optimum average temperature for fruit ripening is 25-30°C.

moisture

First of all, it is necessary to do a good job in the field of irrigation and drainage facilities to prevent severe drought and flooding. The irrigation period should be from germination to flowering, shoot growth and young fruit expansion, rapid expansion, after fruit picking and dormant period, and appropriate watering according to the situation. water. The roots of custard apple should avoid water accumulation, so drainage work should be done in the rainy season to prevent water accumulation in the orchard.

Sweet apples are more sensitive to water, and too much or too little water is not conducive to plant growth. The growth of custard apple was affected by short-term flooding, resulting in fewer leaves and fewer flowers. Irrigation or rainfall is important for flowering and early fruit set. Excessive water shortage during this period will cause flowers to drop and fruit to grow slowly. At the same time, water also affects the quality of the fruit. It has been reported that the fruit cracking rate of irrigated custard apples in Australia is 9.8%, while the fruit cracking rate of custard apples without irrigation is 20%. Under the condition of low humidity (relative humidity lower than 70%), custard apple dropped flowers increased, stigma dried, and fruit set was significantly reduced. In southeastern Queensland, the custard apple is in full bloom, and the relative humidity during the day is often lower than 30% during the hottest time. In production, they use high-density planting, windbreaks and spray methods to increase the humidity of the orchard. However, if the humidity is too high (higher than 95%), the sugar secretions on the stigma will be diluted, so that the germination rate of pollen will be low, which is not conducive to fertilization.