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There are over 300 nutrients and compounds in cacao, and while it’s tempting to expound on all of them, we’ll spare you the geekery and reserve this space for some of its key players. Here’s a brief breakdown of cacao’s rich and diverse nutritional profile: Theobromine Cacao is the richest source of theobromine on the planet and the inspiration for the name theobromine itself. This naturally occurring compound was first discovered in 1841 and given its name in honor of the cacao tree, coined Theobroma cacao, a term derived from Greek that translates as “food of the gods.” A gentle stimulant, theobromine is closely related to caffeine, but it won’t give you the same jitters or inevitable energy crash. Theobromine can improve cognitive function, enhance performance, boost mood, and promote overall cardiovascular health. Read more about chocolate’s many other psychoactive compounds here. Caffeine Alongside theobromine, cacao contains caffeine, another stimulant in a class of alkaloids known as xanthines. A 2.5-tablespoon serving of 100% cacao powder provides you with about 50 mg of caffeine, or roughly half the amount of a cup of coffee Antioxidants Cacao is also one of the richest sources of antioxidants on Earth. It’s packed with a wide range of polyphenols and flavanols and competes with superfood stars like goji berries, acai, and blueberries in its impressive antioxidant load. Antioxidants fight free radicals and oxidation in the body and offer an abundance of anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects. The antioxidants in cacao appear to be highly bioavailable, meaning our bodies absorb them incredibly well. Another positive of so many antioxidants: it makes for a highly stable product with a long shelf life. The amount of antioxidants in raw cacao will vary significantly between batches, seasons, and growing regions. Research has also focused on whether aspects of the chocolate-making process (particularly fermentation and roasting) can dilute its antioxidant properties. That said, 100% cacao powder or cacao nibs will be quite the antioxidant powerhouse. Just avoid any Dutch-process cocoa, in which the cacao beans are washed in an alkaline solution of potassium carbonate to neutralize their acidity. Fiber Cacao is also a rather fiber-rich food. Dietary fiber promotes a healthy weight, blood sugar control, and gastrointestinal health. And some 95% of Americans don’t get enough of it. One ounce of cacao powder can contain around 9 grams of fiber or roughly 35% of your daily value. That’s about the same as a cup of boiled green peas. Which would you prefer? Protein Cacao even contains a significant amount of protein, some 5 grams or more per ounce. Some of the amino acids that make up this protein offer their own unique benefits, including tryptophan—a precursor to serotonin and beneficial for mood and sleep.