Compound Gauge - is a device that can display both positive and negative (vacuum) pressures. You need to use a compound gauge when you are measuring a system that is exerting both positive and negative pressure on the gauge. Gauges are designed to measure specific types of pressure, so if you pick a simple pressure or vacuum gauge for a system that requires a compound gauge, the gauge will most likely be damaged. The exertion of negative pressure on a pressure gauge will cause damage, and likewise the exertion of positive pressure on a vacuum gauge will also damage the gauge.
Pressure Gauges - use pounds per square inch (psi) as the unit of measure. Vacuum gauges, on the other hand, measure force in units of inches of mercury (in.Hg). Both of these measurements will be displayed on the face of a compound gauge (see the inset image). The needle in a compound gauge will move clockwise when measuring positive pressure, and counterclockwise when measuring negative pressure.